Abstract:
Collections of micrometer-sized solid particles immersed in plasma
are used to mimic many systems from solid state and fluid physics, due to their
strong electrostatic interaction, their large inertia, and the fact that they are large
enough to be visualized with ordinary optics. On Earth, gravity restricts the
so-called dusty plasma systems to thin, two-dimensional (2D) layers, unless
special experimental geometries are used, involving heated or cooled electrons,
and/or the use of dielectric materials. In micro-gravity experiments, the
formation of a dust-free void breaks the isotropy of 3D dusty plasma systems.
In order to do real 3D experiments, this void has somehow to be closed. In this
paper, we use a fully self-consistent fluid model to study the closure of a void
in a micro-gravity experiment, by lowering the driving potential. The analysis
goes beyond the simple description of the ‘virtual void’, which describes the
formation of a void without taking the dust into account. We show that selforganization
plays an important role in void formation and void closure, which
also allows a reversed scheme, where a discharge is run at low driving potentials
and small batches of dust are added. No hysteresis is found this way. Finally, we
compare our results with recent experiments and find good agreement, but only
when we do not take charge-exchange collisions into account.